What type of proteins do B-lymphocytes produce?

B-lymphocytes, also known as B cells, play a crucial role in the immune system by producing antibodies, which are specialized proteins used to identify and neutralize pathogens such as bacteria and viruses. The structure of these antibodies is often described as Y-shaped, which allows them to effectively bind to specific antigens on the surface of pathogens. This binding is an important part of the immune response, as it marks the pathogens for destruction by other immune cells or neutralizes them directly.

The other options, while they represent different types of biological molecules, do not describe the products of B-lymphocytes. Enzymes are proteins that catalyze biochemical reactions but are not produced by B-lymphocytes for their primary immune function. Hormones are signaling molecules that facilitate communication between different parts of the body, and they are produced by various glands, not specifically by B cells. Carbohydrates are a different class of biomolecules and are not produced by B-lymphocytes. Therefore, the production of Y-shaped proteins accurately captures the primary function of B-lymphocytes in the immune system.