What is the primary function of spongy mesophyll tissue?

The primary function of spongy mesophyll tissue is to allow gas diffusion. This layer of tissue is found in the inner part of leaves and has a loose, spongy arrangement of cells that creates air spaces between them. These air spaces facilitate the movement of gases, particularly carbon dioxide and oxygen, which are essential for photosynthesis and respiration processes in plants.

By having a structure that promotes gas diffusion, spongy mesophyll effectively enhances the exchange of these gases with the atmosphere. Carbon dioxide from the air enters the leaf and diffuses into the spongy mesophyll where it can be used in photosynthesis. Conversely, oxygen produced as a byproduct of photosynthesis diffuses out through these same spaces.

This function is critical because it ensures that photosynthesis occurs efficiently, supporting the plant’s energy needs and overall growth.