What is one example of a mechanical defense in plants?

Thorns or hairs are a prime example of a mechanical defense in plants because they provide a physical barrier against herbivores and other threats. Thorns, which are sharp extensions from the plant stem or branches, deter animals from chewing on the plant. Similarly, plants with hairy surfaces can make it uncomfortable or even harmful for insects or animals attempting to feed on them. These adaptations serve to protect the plant from being damaged and increase its chances of survival and reproduction by reducing herbivory.

In contrast, brightly colored flowers typically serve to attract pollinators rather than defend against threats. Edible fruits are evolutionarily designed to entice animals who then help in seed dispersal rather than acting as a defense mechanism. Long roots primarily assist plants in anchoring themselves and obtaining water and nutrients from the soil, rather than providing a direct form of protection from grazing or environmental stressors.